We don't think about what’s getting transferred so much as we do about how. This is where these bits start to become useful as information. The data (or data link) layer is where the bits from the physical layer get organized into something useful, but still somewhat primitive. When troubleshooting if you can access a webpage, you need to know that this layer provides a path between the user and the server. To be clear, this layer is not cables and network cards. When we work with network topologies, we are looking at the physical layer: How the bits move from one location to another. The associated protocols would be Ethernet and newer technologies like Bluetooth. This layer of the OSI model refers to things like signaling and voltage. Here, we think about electrons getting where they need to be and in the right order. In any troubleshooting, the most important principle is to start simple and low. Is it plugged in? Is the link light green? I always think of Layer 1 as the hardware layer. Just like the world’s greatest snack tray, I just know the model, and that makes me much more successful. Since then, I’ve used the information enough that it’s no longer a struggle to remember where to look next. I think I wrote the name of each layer on my fingers and made cool charts. When I first learned about the OSI model, I had to learn the names by memorizing them: So, you will be better at your job if you know and understand how this model works, and how to apply it to troubleshooting. The OSI model consists of seven layers and two sets of standards: One describing what each layer refers to, and another establishing an existing set of protocols for each layer. As a system administrator, even if you don’t work directly with your infrastructure's networking components, you probably use this model all the time-even if you don’t know it. The idea was to address the increasing need for a set of network communication standards that could be used to engineer the interoperability of the rapidly evolving technologies in use for connecting computers. (See what I did there?) In 1984, the International Standards Organization (ISO) published the document Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model, which is commonly referred to as the OSI model today. Speaking of which, we can say the same thing about understanding and troubleshooting network issues. What makes 7LBD special is that each layer is in the right order and in the right quantity. The best parties have the ultimate snack: seven-layer bean dip (7LBD). The best parties have a little something for everyone and a few items that everyone likes, but there are things you have to have, like ice for drinks. Food is the defining factor in the success of a good holiday or sports gathering. At this time of year, many sysadmins think about holidays, football games, and party food.
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